A useful reminder: Blue team and red team are two sides to the same coin. Sanitize your input, but test to verify your mitigations are successful. SQLmap supports pretty much every major database in use today and can detect and exploit most known SQL injection vulnerabilities. Pentesting your web applications with a tool like SQLmap is a quick way to see if your mitigations are adequate. Despite a widespread awareness of SQL injection as a problem, a large percentage of web applications remains vulnerable.Īutomated testing tools can keep you a step ahead of attackers looking for an easy payday. Cut to the present: Not much has changed.
Ten years ago, a SQL injection worm rampaged across the internet. Tools like SQLninja, SQLmap, and Havij make it easy to test your own web applications, but also make it easy for attackers. SQL injection, as a technique, is older than many of the human attackers using them today the attacks are rudimentary and have long since been automated. A developer who correctly sanitizes all their input against an immediate attack may still be vulnerable to a second-order SQLi when the poisoned data is used in a different context. Second-order SQL injection attacks are the sneakiest of the bunch, because they aren't designed to run immediately, but much later.
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Forged headers containing arbitrary SQL can inject that code into the database if the web application fails to sanitize those inputs as well. Server variables such as HTTP headers can also be used as a SQL injection attack vector. A malicious user, or malware, can modify cookies to inject SQL into the back-end database. Cookies store client state information locally, and web applications commonly load cookies and process that information. If the web application fails to sanitize user input, an attacker can inject SQL of their choosing into the back-end database and delete, copy, or modify the contents of the database.Īn attacker can also modify cookies to poison a web application's database query. Web applications typically accept user input through a form, and the front end passes the user input to the back-end database for processing. The simplest form of SQL injection is through user input. There are several types of SQL injection, but they all involve an attacker inserting arbitrary SQL into a web application database query. This is script kiddie stuff-and fixing your web application to mitigate the risk of SQL injection is so easy that failure to do so looks more and more like gross negligence. It isn't some cutting edge NSA Shadow Brokers kit, it's so simple a three-year old can do it.
The good news? SQL injection is the lowest of the low-hanging fruit for both attackers and defenders.
SQL injection is a type of attack that can give an adversary complete control over your web application database by inserting arbitrary SQL code into a database query. Even the OWASP Top Ten lists injection as the number one threat to web application security. Immortalized by "Little Bobby Drop Tables" in XKCD 327, SQL injection (SQLi) was first discovered in 1998, yet continues to plague web applications across the internet.
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